Galatians
2:11-21
(Galatians 2:15-21)
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- Reading the Text:
- NRSV (with link to Anglicized NRSV) at Oremus Bible Browser.
- Greek Interlinear Bible, ScrTR, ScrTR t, Strong, Parsing, CGTS, CGES id, AV.
- The Bible Gateway: NRSV, RSV, NIV, NASB, CEV, The Message, KJV, etc.
- The Blue Letter Bible. KJV, alternate versions, Greek text with concordance, commentaries.
- The World Wide Study Bible includes commentary, exposition and sermons.
- Historical References, Commentary and
Comparative Texts:
- "Revealed to James," The Jesus Database, an online annotated inventory of the traditions concerning the life and teachings of Jesus. Dr. Gregory C. Jenks, FaithFutures Foundation.
- Chapter VIII, The Epistle of Ignatius to the Romans, Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110). (Longer version only - 4th cent interpolation.)
- Vision II.2, Shepherd of Hermas. (c.145)
- III.18, Stromata, Clement of Alexandria (c 200)
- V.3, V.13, Against Marcion, Tertullian (c. 212)
- Chapter XIV, On Modesty, Tertullian (c. 217)
- I.6, Commentary on the Gospel of John, Origen. (c.228)
- IV.Summary.29, First Principles (De Principiis), Origen / Rufinus (c.230)
- X.8, Commentary on the Gospel of John, Philocalia [anthology of Origen prepared by St. Basil and St. Gregory Nazianzen], Origen. (c.230)
- XII.25, Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew, Origen. (c.247)
- Commentary by St. John Chrysostom.
- Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians
(Galatians
2:14-16) by Martin Luther.
- "With Paul we absolutely deny the possibility of self merit. God never yet gave to any person grace and everlasting life as a reward for merit."
- Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians
(Galatians
2:17-21) by Martin Luther.
- "Either we are not justified by Christ, or we are not justified by the Law. The fact is, we are justified by Christ. Hence, we are not justified by the Law."
- From the Geneva Notes.
- "The Law that terrifies the conscience brings us to Christ, and he alone causes us to indeed die to the Law, because by making us righteous, he takes away from us the terror of conscience. And by sanctifying us, he causes the mortifying of lust in us, so that it cannot take such occasion to sin by the restraint which the Law makes, as it did before."
- From
Matthew Henry's
Commentary.
- "Believers see themselves living in a state of dependence on Christ. Hence it is, that though he lives in the flesh, yet he does not live after the flesh."
- From
Wesley's
Notes.
- "Hitherto St. Paul had been considering that single question, "Are Christians obliged to observe the ceremonial law? But he here insensibly goes farther, and, by citing this scripture, shows that what he spoke directly of the ceremonial, included also the moral, law. For David undoubtedly did so, when he said, Psalm 143:2, the place here referred to, "In thy sight shall no man living be justified;" which the Apostle likewise explains, Rom 3:19,20, in such a manner as can agree to none but the moral law."
- From the
Commentary on the Whole Bible
(Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, 1871).
- "Christ's having died, shows that the law has no power to justify us; for if the law can justify or make us righteous, the death of Christ is superfluous [CHRYSOSTOM]."
- From The People's
New Testament, B.W. Johnson, 1891.
- "The old life is laid aside, and the new life is a Christlike life, due to the spirit of Christ. He is now merged in Christ."
- Contemporary Commentary, Studies and Exegesis:
- Commentary,
Galatians 2:15-21, Alicia Vargas, at WorkingPreacher.org, Luther Seminary,
2016.
- "The great theme of Paul's letter to the Galatians is Christian freedom."
- The Center for Excellence in Preaching, resources from Calvin Theological Seminary: Comments & Observations, Textual Points, Illustration Ideas, 2016.
- Pulpit Fiction, with podcast. Reflections of lectionary text, pop culture, current events, etc. Robb Mc Coy and Eric Fistler, 2016.
- Commentary, Galatians 2:15-21 | Stephanie Dyrness-Lobdell | Co-Lead Pastor Mountain Home Church of the Nazarene | A Plain Account, 2016.
- "We've all been there: the awkward dinner. Or maybe for you it was a breakfast. Either way, you know what I'm talking about. Perhaps the mix of people at the table was just not right."
- Commentary,
Galatians 2:15-21, Sarah Henrich, at WorkingPreacher.org, Luther Seminary,
2013.
- "You need to see all these references in order to see that Paul has two different ways of speaking about pistis in relation to God's Messiah and humankind."
- "Religious liberty for the Rest of Us," Anthony Hatcher, ON Scripture, Odyssey Networks, 2013.
- Lectionary Greek, Rob Myallis, 2013.
- The Experience of God's Gift, Andreew Prior, 2013.
- "Theological Telephone Game," Michael Danner, The Hardest Question, 2013.
- "Who is 'gentile' to your 'Jew'?"
- "Paul," sermon discussion from Frederick Buechner, Frederick Buechner Blog.
- "And how long was the whole great circus to last? Paul said, why, until we all become human beings at last, until we all 'come to maturity,' as he put it; and then, since there had been only one really human being since the world began, until we all make it to where we're like him, he said - 'to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ' (Ephesians 4:13). Christs to each other, Christs to God. All of us. Finally. It was just as easy, and just as hard, as that."
- "Helping Ourselves?" Alan Brehm, The Waking Dreamer, 2013.
- "Our fate ultimately rests not on our faith, which can come and go like the tides ebb and flow, but on the faithfulness of our God and of our Savior Jesus the Christ."
- Commentary,
Galatians 2:15-21, Jaime Clark-Soles, at WorkingPreacher.org, Luther Seminary,
2010.
- "Our fate ultimately rests not on our faith, which can come and go like the tides ebb and flow, but on the faithfulness of our God and of our Savior Jesus the Christ."
-
"First
Thoughts on Year C Epistle Passages in the Lectionary,"
Pentecost 4, William Loader, Murdoch University, Uniting Church in
Australia.
- "Not everyone will find Paul's particular understanding of the achievement of Christ's death to be the best way to speak about the good news, but there can be no denying that with it he upholds what many would see as a central tenet of Christian faith: God offers a relationship of ongoing love to all without discrimination and that neither entry into this relationship nor continuing in it is dependent on qualifications based on race, gender, or levels of adherence even to biblical law (the latter puts him in conflict with most Jewish Christians and Jews of his time)."
- Comments (commentary) and Clippings (technical notes for in-depth study), Chris Haslam, Anglican Diocese of Montreal.
- Galatians 2:11-21, Opportunity to Do Good: The Letter to the Galatians, Craig Koester, Word & World Texts in Context, Luther Northwestern Theological Seminary, 1989.
- "Paul Opposes Peter," "Saved by Faith," Rev. Bryan Findlayson, Lectionary Bible Studies and Sermons, Pumpkin Cottage Ministry Resources.
-
Kairos CoMotion Lectionary Discussion,
Galatians 2:15-21, Wesley White. "A place of
conversation regarding Progressive Christianity."
- "It seems to be possible to be greedy for justification in the same way we can be greedy for a fruit of the spirit."
- "Jesus Praying through Me," Dale Fletcher, Faith and Health Connection.
- "Peter's Capitulation and Paul's Correction (Galatians 2:11-21)," by Robert L. Deffinbaugh at the Biblical Studies Foundation.
-
"The Ego and 'I': Galatians 2:19 in New Perspective," Scot McKnight,
Word & World, 2000.
- "Who 'died to the law' in Gal 2:19? Reading Galatians in the light of recent sociological interpretation suggests the 'I' of this text is the 'Ego' of Peter and Paul as Jewish Christians, not all who believe in Christ, as often assumed."
- "Meals, Food and
Tablefellowship." Jerome H. Neyrey, in The Social Sciences and New Testament
Interpretation, 159-82. R. L. Rohrbaugh, ed. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1996.
- "How can readers understand the particular ceremony of meals and table fellowship? Why are meals so important as symbols of broader social relationships? How can we peer below the surface and grasp the social dynamics encoded in meals and commensality, what anthropologists call "the language of meals"?"
- Commentary,
Galatians 2:15-21, Alicia Vargas, at WorkingPreacher.org, Luther Seminary,
2016.
- Recommended articles
from ATLAS, an online collection of religion and theology journals, are
linked below.
ATLAS Access options are available for academic institutions, alumni of
selected theological schools, and clergy/church offices.
- Barth, Markus,
"Justification, From Text to Sermon on Galatians 2:11-21,"
Interpretation, 1968.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Cosgrove, Charles H.,
"Did Paul Value Ethnicity?" The Catholic Biblical Quarterly,
2006.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Das, A. Andrew,
"Another Look at EAN ME in Galatians 2:16," Journal of
Biblical Literature, 2000.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - deBoer, Martinus C.,
"Paul's Use and Interpretation of a Justification Tradition in Galatians
2:15-21," Journal for the Study of the New Testament, 2005.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Dockery, David S.,
"Introduction to the Epistle and Paul's Defense of His Apostleship
(Galatians 1:1 - 2:14)," Review & Expositor, 1994.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Dunn, James D.G.,
"The Incident at Antioch (Gal. 2:11-18)," Journal for the Study of
the New Testament, 1983.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Garland, David E.,
"Paul's Defense of the Truth of the Gospel Regarding Gentiles (Galatians
2:15-3:22)," Review & Expositor, 1994.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Garlington, Don B., "Paul's PARTISAN EK and
the Question of Justification in Galatians," Journal of Biblical
Literature, 2008.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Gaventa, B.R.,
"Galatians 1 and 2: Autobiography as Paradigm," Novum Testamentum,
1986.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Grieb, A. Katherine,
"'The One Who Called You...' Vocation and Leadership in the Pauline
Literature," Interpretation, 2005.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Hamerton-Kelly, R.G.,
"Sacred Violence and 'Works of Law.' 'Is Christ Then an Agent of Sin?'
(Galatians 2:17)," The Catholic Biblical Quarterly, 1990.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Harrisville, Roy A., III, "Before
PISTIS CHRISTOU: The Objective Genitive as Good Greek," Novum
Testamentum, 2006.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Hester, James D.,
"The Rhetorical Structure of Galatians 1:11-2:14," Journal of
Biblical Literature, 1984.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Hunn, Debbie, "EAN MN' in
Galatians 2:16: A Look at Greek Literature," Novum Testamentum,
2007.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Kilpatrick, G.D.,
"Peter, Jerusalem and Galatians 1:13-2:14," Novum Testamentum,
1983.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Koester, Craig,
"Opportunity to Do Good: The Letter to the Galatians," Word & World,
1989.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Koptak, Paul E.,
"Rhetorical Identification in Paul's Autobiographical Narrative (Galatians
1:13-2:14)," Journal for the Study of the New Testament, 1990.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Matlock, R. Barry,
"Dethologizing the PISTIS XRISTOU Debate: Cautionary Remarks from a
Lexical Semantic Perspective," Novum Testamentum, 2000.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Matlock, R. Barry,
"'Even the Demons Believe': Paul and pistis Xristou," The
Catholic Biblical Quarterly, 2002.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Matlock, R. Barry, "The Rhetoric of
PISTIS in Paul: Galatians 2:16, 3:22, Romans 3:22, and
Philippians 3:9," Journal for the Study of the New Testament,
2007.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - McEntire, Mark,
"Letters in Stories and Stories in Letters: An Intertextual Exploration of
Ezra 4-5 and Galatians 1-2," Perspectives in Religious Studies,
2000.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - McKnight, Scot,
"The Ego and 'I': Galatians 2:19 in New Perspective," Word & World,
2000.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Neyrey, Jerome H., S.J.,
"God, Benefactor and Patron: The Major Cultural Model for Interpreting the
Deity in Greco-Roman Antiquity," Journal for the Study of the New
Testament, 2005.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Owen, Paul L., "The 'Works of the
Law' in Romans and Galatians: A New Defense of the Subjective Genitive,"
Journal of Biblical Literature, 2007. (See especially section
beginning on page 562.)
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Perkins, Pheme,
"Not Through the Law," The Christian Century, 1989.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Sanders, Jack T.,
"Paul's 'Autobiographical' Statements in Galatians 1-2," Journal of
Biblical Literature, 1966.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Sanneh, Lamin, "Pluralism and Christian Commitment,"
Theology Today, 1988.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Taylor, N.H., "Paul's Apostolic Legitimacy,"
Journal of Theology for Southern
Africa, 1993.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Thurston, Bonnie Bowman,
"The Conquered Self: Emptiness and God in a Buddhist-Christian Dialogue,"
Japanese Journal of Religious Studies, 1985.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials - Udoh, Fabian E., "Paul's Views on the Law: Questions about Origin (Gal. 1:6-2:21; Phil.
3:2-11)," Novum Testamentum, 2000.
EBSCO ATLASerials, Religion Collection
EBSCO ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials
- Barth, Markus,
"Justification, From Text to Sermon on Galatians 2:11-21,"
Interpretation, 1968.
- Sermons:
- Worshiping with Children, , Including children in the congregation's worship, using the Revised Common Lectionary, Carolyn C. Brown, 2016.
- Storypath, Connecting Children's Literature with our Faith Story, Union Presbyterian Seminary, 2016.
- With Children:
- Worshiping with Children, Fathers Day and Juneteenth, Including children in the congregation's worship, using the Revised Common Lectionary, Carolyn C. Brown, 2013.
- "What Are You Worth?" Charles Kirkpatrick, Sermons4kids.com.
- "Live by Faith," Jim Kerlin, childrensermons.com.
- Drama:
- "A Tale of Two Gardens," Michele Pitman, dramatix.
- Graphics & Bulletin Materials:
- Hymns and Music:
- Hymnary.org, hymns, scores, media, information.
- Hymns with Scripture Allusions: Galatians 2:20. The Cyber Hymnal.
- Hymnal Scripture References, The Lutheran Hymnal, Lutheran Worship.
- At Digital Hymnal (midi files, guitar chords, karaoke files, projection text):
- Fine Arts Images Linked at The Text This Week's Art Index:
- Study Links and Resources for the Book of Galatians
