|
| |
John 13:1-35
 | Reading the Text:
|
| Historical References, Commentary and
Comparative Texts:
 | The
Five Gospels Parallels, John W. Marshall, University of Toronto. |
| Primary texts (Pseudepigrapha, Targum, Midrash, Targum) about Messainic Expectation from
(Rutgers University Dept of Religion) Mahlon H. Smith's Into His Own: Perspective on the
World of Jesus companion to the historical study of Christian texts. |
|
"Receiving the Sender,"
"Blessed the Womb,"
"Leader as Servant," The Jesus Database, an online annotated inventory of
the traditions concerning the life and teachings of Jesus. Dr. Gregory C.
Jenks, FaithFutures Foundation. |
| Chapter VI, The
Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans, Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110).
(Longer version only - 4th cent interpolation.) |
| XLIV.11-30, 44,
49; XLV.1-7,
9-11, 19-21; Tatian's Diatessaron
(c. 150-160). |
| Chapter XIV, Adversus
Judaeos, Tertullian
(c. 198) |
| Chapter
IX, Chapter
XII, Chapter
XV, On Baptism, Tertullian
(c. 198) |
| I.5, II.8, Paedagogus,
Clement of Alexandria (c 200)
|
| Chapter XXII,
The Prescription of Heretics, Tertullian (c.
200) |
| III.15, VI.12, Stromata,
Clement of Alexandria (c 200) |
| Chapter
VI, Considering Repentance, Tertullian
(c. 203) |
| Chapter XVIII,
On Idolatry, Tertullian (c.
211) |
| Chapter VIII,
De Corona, Tertullian (c.
211) |
| Chapter
XXIII, Against Praxeas, Tertullian
(c. 213) |
| III.II.1, III.II.4, First
Principles (De Principiis), Origen.
(c.225) |
| I.23, I.31, Commentary
on the Gospel of John, Origen.
(c.228) |
| X.30, Commentary
on the Gospel of John, Philocalia [anthology of Origen prepared by St. Basil and St.
Gregory Nazianzen], Origen.
(c.230) |
| II.VII, Against
Celsus, Origen.
(c.246) |
| XIII.8, Commentary
on the Gospel of Matthew, Origen. (c.247) |
| Epistle V --
Epistle VI
-- Cyprian of Carthage (c.
250) |
| VI.25,
VII.25,
Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius of Caesarea, (c 320). |
| From Augustine's Tractates on John:
 | Tractate 55
(13:1-5)
| "For inasmuch as the Greek
word paschein means to stiffer, therefore pascha has been
supposed to mean suffering, as if the noun derived its name from
His passion: but in its own language, that is, in Hebrew, pascha
means passover..." |
|
| Tractate 56
(13:6-10)
| "Deny me not having a part
with Thee, and I deny Thee not any part of my body to be washed." |
|
| Tractate 57
(13:6-10//Song of Solomon 5:2,3)
| "Wash our feet, that were
formerly cleansed, but have again been defiled in our walking
through the earth to open unto Thee." |
|
| Tractate 58
(13:10-15)
| "...in washing the feet of
disciples who were already washed and clean, the Lord instituted
a sign, to the end that, on account of the human feelings that
occupy us on earth, however far we may have advanced in our
apprehension of righteousness, we might know that we are not
exempt from sin..." |
|
| Tractate 59
(13:16-20)
| "Let every one, therefore,
so receive Him that is sent, that in His person lie may give
heed to Him who sent Him." |
|
| Tractate 63
(13:31, 32)
| "...in the completed
separation of that arch sinner from their company, and in the
remaining around Him of His saints, we have the foreshadowing of
His glorification, when the wicked shall be finally separated,
and He shall dwell with His saints through eternity." |
|
| Tractate 64
(13:33)
| "...after He rose again He
was with them, as has been said, for forty days in the full
manifestation of His bodily presence; but He was no longer with
them in the fellowship of human infirmity." |
|
| Tractate
65 (13:34, 35)
| "How wonderful is the
character of that death, which was all but swallowed up in penal
sufferings, had it not been over and above absorbed in delights!" |
|
|
| From the Geneva Notes.
| "The betraying of Christ was
not accidental, or a thing that happened by chance, but it was the
Father who ordained the cause of our salvation, to reconcile us unto
himself in his Son, and the Son willingly and voluntarily obeyed the
Father." |
|
| From
Matthew
Henry's Commentary.
| "Our Lord Jesus does many
things of which even his own disciples do not for the present know
the meaning, but they shall know afterward." |
|
| From Wesley's Notes.
| "In a more general sense it
may mean, If I do not wash thee in my blood, and purify thee by my
Spirit, thou canst have no communion with me, nor any share in the
blessings of my kingdom." |
|
| From the
Commentary on the Whole Bible
(Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, 1871).
| "Peter saith . . .
Lord, dost thou wash my feet?--Our language cannot bring out the
intensely vivid contrast between the "Thou" and the
"my," which, by bringing them together, the
original expresses, for it is not good English to say, "Lord, Thou
my feet dost wash?" But every word of this question
is emphatic." |
|
| From The People's
New Testament, B.W. Johnson, 1891.
| "A rebuke to their ambitious
strife, far more powerful than words could have spoken: such a
rebuke that never again do we see a hint of the old question,
"Who should be greatest?" It was Christ's answer to their
unseemly conduct, and a lesson to those Christians "who love
the pre-eminence" for all time. It said, "Let him that
would be greatest become the servant of all."" |
|
|
| Contemporary Commentary, Studies, and Exegesis:
|
John 13:1-17, 31b-35, Maundy Thursday,
Comments
(commentary) and
Clippings
(technical notes for in-depth study), Chris Haslam, Anglican
Diocese of Montreal. |
|
John 13:31-35, Easter 5C,
Comments
(commentary) and
Clippings
(technical notes for in-depth study), Chris Haslam, Anglican
Diocese of Montreal. |
|
"Holy Thursday - The Footwashing,"
Gospel Analysis, Sermons from
Seattle, Pastor Edward F. Markquart, Grace Lutheran Church, Seattle,
Washington. Detailed background and exegesis. |
| "First
Thoughts on Year C Gospel Passages in the Lectionary: Easter 5,"
William Loader, Murdoch University, Uniting Church in Australia.
| "Oneness in love is the
language of intimacy. It applies to our relation with God and Christ
(and to their relationship). It is to apply also to our
relationships with each other in community." |
|
|
Laterally Luke, by
Brian McGowan, Anglican priest in Western Australia. |
|
"The Real Meaning of Mentorship,"
study guide, Robert B. Kruschwitz, (other resources at)
"Friendship," Christian Reflection, The Center for Christian
Ethics at Baylor University, 2008. |
|
The Revelation of God's Glory, Easter to
Trinity with the Gospel of John: Bearing Witness to the Father, Son, and
Holy Spirit, Paul S. Berge, Word & World Texts in Context, Luther
Northwestern Theological Seminary, 1995.
| "In the midst of his
betrayal by Judas and denial by Peter, Jesus calls the community to live
in love with one another, a pattern expressed in his own life and death." |
|
|
"'Love
One Another, Even As I Have Loved You,'"
Jerry Goebel, One
Family Outreach. "Focus on scripture from a justice perspective." Exegesis, study, and teen study
and activities.
| "Do I love as Jesus would love? Do I
love sacrificially? Do I love as the shepherd who seeks the lost? Do I
love with all humility and with a stomach-rending compassion?" |
|
|
Fifth Sunday of Easter, The Church in Mission: Gospel Texts for the
Sundays of Easter (Series C), Duane Olson, Word & World Texts in Context,
Luther Northwestern Theological Seminary, 1995.
| "We need to read
verses 34 and 35 together. The love that exists in the Christian community
is an integral part of that community's witness, and these two elements
are always in tension with one another." |
|
|
"'He Loved Them to the End,'"
Jerry Goebel, One
Family Outreach. "Focus on scripture from a justice perspective." Exegesis, study, and teen study
and activities.
| "Jesus’
ministry begins with the mission, 'I have come
to be good news to the poor,' and ends it with
the commission, 'Love one another as I have
loved you.'" |
|
|
"Love, the Gift
and Commandment,"
Expository Essay,
John 13:31-35, Dr. William R. Long.
| "Love is received as gift. It also
needs be demonstrated in accordance with Christ's command." |
|
|
"The
New Commandment,"
Rev. Bryan Findlayson, Lectionary Bible
Studies and Sermons, Pumpkin Cottage Ministry Resources.
| "Share examples of how you have tried
to love others, but failed. Discuss the faith way - the prayer of faith." |
|
| Exegetical
Notes by Brian Stoffregen at CrossMarks
Christian Resources.
| "When someone joins our
congregations, what does that mean? It should mean, in part, that
they become objects of this special "familial" love we
have toward our own; and they become givers of this special love
towards other members." |
|
|
Kairos CoMotion Lectionary Discussion,
John 13:31-35, Wesley White. "A place of
conversation regarding Progressive Christianity."
| "This is bedrock evangelism - Love
One Another." |
|
|
"No Exceptions Permitted," Margaret Guenther, The Christian Century,
1995.
| "I tend to love with my fingers
crossed. I'm ready to love almost everyone, but surely I can't be
expected to love the person who has harmed me. Or who does not wish me
well. Or who seems hopelessly wrong-headed." |
|
|
"Footwashing and Last Things,"
Robert H. Herhold, The Christian Century,
1983. At Religion Online.
| "An eschatology without ethics is
futuristic and irrelevant. Ethics without an eschatology is desperate and
futile. But joined together, they can produce the power to wash feet and
sustain Peter’s rebuke; to live fully today because God is in the present
as well as in the tomorrow, and to work for the impossible because with
God all things are finally possible." |
|
|
"By
Our Love," James C. Somerville, The Christian Century,
1998.
| "Just as Solomon was able to
discern the true identity of a mother by her love for her child, so
will the world be able to identify the true disciples of Jesus by
their love for one another." |
|
| "A New
Commandment," analysis and reflections by Mike Hoy, in Sabbatheology by The
Crossings Community of St Louis, Missouri.
| "It may be hard for us sometimes
to see the dark happenings around us when there are so many false voices of light. That
inability to see is part of the problem...Nevertheless, the dark happenings are still
around us, sometimes in us, always with a message of crisis and impending
judgment." |
|
|
"And a Little Child Shall Teach Them: Lessons in Diakonia," Vicki K
Black, Anglican Theological Review, 2004.
| "There is an important distinction to
be made here between being a servant in such a way that one no longer
has a sense of being valued, and "having a life" but choosing to empty
oneself in order to be available for service-waiting, open, ready to
respond, always anticipating the needs of others." |
|
| "The
Believer and Daily Cleansing (John 13:1-17)," by J.Hampton Keathley III at the Biblical Studies Foundation.
| "Unwashed feet is the
equivalent of a believer trying to walk with the Lord, study the
Word, pray, or serve Him with known sin in the life, like the sin of
pride and selfish independence. The dialog with Peter and his
reluctance to allow the Lord to wash his feet illustrates our
slowness to grasp this truth." |
|
| "Christ's
Example of Servanthood (John 13:7 - 14:7)," by Hampton Keathley IV at the Biblical Studies Foundation. |
|
"God
Loves Beyond Betrayal (John 13:1-11),"
John C. Purdy. Chapter 9 of God With a Human Face (1993),
republished at Religion
Online.
| "The love that Jesus
showed in washing the disciples’ feet is like the love God showed for
us in our creation - an act of renunciation and restraint. This is
scandalous, of course. The soul does not want to be face to face with a
God who is less than all-powerful. The spectacle of a kneeling God is
devastating. No! Let God be seated on a throne, holding all the symbols
of power; let us be the ones to kneel. No wonder Peter is horrified when
he sees Emmanuel crouching at his feet." |
|
|
| Articles & Background:
| "The Footwashing in
John 13:6-11: Transformation Ritual or Ceremony?" Jerome H. Neyrey, in The
Social World of the First Christians: Essays in Honor of Wayne A. Meeks, 198-213. L.
M. White and O. L. Yarbrough. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1995.
| "Peter's footwashing ritual
has to do with his transformation into the role of an elite, public witness to Jesus with
accompanying risk of death - a one-time event. Conversely, the ceremony which the
disciples will perform to members of their circle confirms their role and status as
leaders of the group - an action to be repeated regularly. Two different rites are
described in 13:6-11 and 12-20, and the use of materials from anthropology offers a
fruitful way of clarifying the social dynamics of the narrative." |
|
|
"Friendship in the Bible," Benedict Janecko, Spiritual Life,
2002.
| "In
our culture today, there is much talk about 'love'
but relatively little about friendship." |
|
|
"Untamed Hospitality," Elizabeth Newman, (other resources at)
"Hospitality," Christian Reflection, The Center for Christian
Ethics at Baylor University, 2007.
| "While our culture reduces
'hospitality' to friendliness and private entertaining, Christian
hospitality remains a public and economic reality by which God
re-creates us through the places and people we are given." |
|
|
"Joan
Chittister: The Friendship of Women: The Hidden Tradition of the
Bible," Donna Freitas, Publishers Weekly, 2006. |
| "The Sociology of
Secrecy and the Fourth Gospel." Jerome H. Neyrey, in What Is John? Vol.
II: Literary and Social Readings of the Fourth Gospel, 79-109. F. Segovia, ed.
Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1998.
| "Once we start to pull back the veil, we notice numerous instances
of hiding-revealing, secrecy, ambiguity and even lying. The following is an attempt to
catalogue the primary and related instances of secrecy and "information control"
in the document." |
|
|
"A Service of
Sacrificial Love: Footwashing," Hugo Zorrilla, Direction, 1995.
|
|
"Friendship," issue theme of Christian Reflection, The Center for Christian
Ethics at Baylor University, 2008.
Articles, study guide, inspirational pieces, worship ideas, and more. |
|
"La
lavanda dei piedi di Gv 13, 1-20, il Romanzo di Esopo e i Saturnalia di
Macrobio," M. Pesce & A. Destro, Biblica 80 (1999).
Abstract (in English).
| "Aesop’s Novel confirms that John
1,1-20 has to be set against the background of Graeco-Roman banqueting customs, especially
as regards the slaves’ function and the use of the linen cloth (le/ntion) for washing feet. A parallel to the ritual
of inversion in John 13 may be found in the feast of Saturnalia during which masters
served their own slaves at table." |
|
| "Judas'
Red Hair and the Jews," by Ruth Mellinkoff, at Jewish Heritage Online Magazine's
Topic of the Month: Colors. Mellinkoff explores artistic representations of Judas and
antipathy toward red hair.
| "...notably in the art of
northern Europe in the later Middle Ages and Renaissance, artists
frequently used hideous, deformed features to render Judas as
hateful as possible, sometimes transforming those features into
Jewish caricatures." |
|
|
| Articles in
ATLAS Journals. (Direct link when you are
subscribed and logged in to
ATLASerials online collection of Religion and Theology Journals.):
| Berge, Paul S.,
"Easter to Trinity with the Gospel of John: Bearing Witness to Father, Son
and Holy Spirit," Word & World, 1998. |
| Brown, Rebecca Pugh, "Preaching
Justice and Mercy: Reflections on the Lectionary Readings for April,"
The Living Pulpit,
2007. (See also
"Atonement," issue focus of The Living Pulpit, 16.2, 2007.)
Image Browse -
PDF |
| Coloe, Mary L.,
"Welcome into the Household of God: The Foot Washing in John 13," The
Catholic Biblical Quarterly, 2004. |
| Cowan, Christopher, "The Father
and Son in the Fourth Gospel: Johannine Subordination Revisited,"
Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, 2006.
Image Browse -
PDF |
| Culpepper, R. Alan,
"The Johannine Hypodeigma: A Reading of John 13," Semeia,
1991. |
| Duke, Paul D.,
"John 13:1-17, 31b-35, Between Text and Sermon," Interpretation,
1995. |
| Guenther, Margaret,
"No Exceptions Permitted," The Christian Century, 1995. |
| Hays, Richard B.,
"An Emergency Directive," The Christian Century, 1992. |
| Herhold, Robert M.,
"Foot Washing and Last Things," The Christian Century, 1983. |
| Moloney, Francis J.,
S.D.B.,
"A Sacramental Reading of John 13:1-38," The Catholic Biblical
Quarterly, 1991. |
| Neyrey, Jerome H.,
"Despising the Shame of the Cross: Honor and Shame in the Johannine Passion
Narrative," Semeia, 1994. |
| Olson, Duane A.,
"The Church in Mission: Gospel Texts for the Sundays after Easter (Series
C)," Word & World, 1995. |
| Reid, Barbara E.,
"The Cross and Cycles of Violence," Interpretation, 2004. (See
section beginning on p. 383) (See also entire issue:
Violence in the Bible, Interpretation, 2004.) |
| Segovia, Fernando F.,
"The Structure, Tendenz, and Sitz im Leben of John
13:31-14:31," Journal of Biblical Literature, 1985. |
| Somerville, James G.,
"By Our Love," The Christian Century, 1998. |
| Thomas, Harvey,
"Forgiveness and Reconciliation: John 13:31-35," Review & Expositor,
2007. (Issue focus on "reconciliation.")
Image Browse -
PDF |
| Zorrilla, Hugo,
"A Service of Sacrificial Love: Footwashing (John 13:1-11),"
Direction, 1995. |
|
| Reviews:
|
Reviews: Jane S. Webster, Ingesting Jesus: Eating and Drinking in
the Gospel of John. Society of Biblical Literature, 2003. Reviews by
Francis J. Moloney, Peter-Ben Smit and Robert Baker in The Catholic
Biblical Quarterly, 2004. |
|
| Sermons:
|
"Personal Touches that Matter," 05.04.2007,
David Zersen, Göttinger Predigten im Internet: Every Sunday Sermons based on the
RCL by a team of Lutheran theologians/ pastors. |
|
"An Encounter that
Never Happened," Philip McAlister, Preacher's Magazine, 2006. |
|
"An Incomplete Picture," 13 April 2006,
Luke Bouman, Göttinger Predigten im Internet: Every Sunday Sermons based on the
RCL by a team of Lutheran theologians/ pastors. |
|
"Loving as Jesus Loved,"
the Rev. Dr. John Claypool, Day 1, 2004. |
|
"It's Hard to Say Goodbye,"
"Love Can Be So Simple,"
"I Love You Charlie Brown,"
"A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words," Pastor Edward F.
Markquart, Grace Lutheran Church, Seattle, Washington. |
|
"That You Should Do As I Have,"
- Maundy Thursday - 24 March 2005, Samuel Zumwalt, Göttinger Predigten im Internet: Every Sunday Sermons based on the
RCL by a team of Lutheran theologians/ pastors. |
|
"For America: A
Changeless Grace for a Changing Face," The Very Reverend Nathan D.
Baxter, Dean of Washington National Cathedral, 1998.
30 Good
Minutes, Chicago Sunday Evening Club. |
|
"Can Love Ever
Really Last?" John Jewell,
1998. |
|
"First Class
Jesus Style," Fr. John Claypool, 30 Good Minutes, Chicago Sunday
Evening Club, 1996. |
|
"Sermon for the 5th
Sunday in Easter," the Rev. David Miller, Day 1,
2001. |
|
"What a Christian
Community Can Offer a Polarized Society," the Very Rev. Nathan Baxter,
Day 1, 1996. |
|
"Beyond Introspection,"
the Rev. Dr. Hugh L. Eichelberger,
Day 1, 1996. |
|
"In the Heat of the Night,"
"Betrayal,"
"What a Friend We Have in Jesus,"
"An Education In Love," L. Gregory
Bloomquist, Saint Paul University, Ottawa. |
|
Father
Andrew M. Greeley, "author, priest, sociologist",
commentary and homily:
|
| Servant Authority - John 13:1-17, Ray C. Stedman. Text or Real Audio. |
| The One Commandment - John 13:18-38, Ray C. Stedman.
Text or
Real Audio. |
|
| With Children:
|
"The
Greatest Commandment - Love,"
"The Last
Supper,"
Illustrating the Story (lessons, children's sermons),
coloring pages, activity sheets, crafts, children's songs. MSSS Crafts. |
|
"Building a Model Life,"
and "He Loves Us
All," Charles Kirkpatrick, Sermons4kids.com. |
|
"A
Poster for Margaret's Mother,"
children's story by Larry Broding, word-sunday.com. |
|
"The Master
Becomes a Servant,"
children's study, puzzles, coloring sheet, etc. Higher Praise Christian
Center. |
|
Crossword on John
13 & 14, Don Crownover's Bible Puzzles. |
|
John
13:15,
memory verse activity, MSSS Crafts and Resources for Bible
Stories. |
|
| Drama:
|
| Liturgy:
|
| Graphics & Bulletin Materials:
|
Clip Art,
John 13:35, Fr. Richard Lonsdale, Resources for Catholic Educators. |
|
Holy
Thursday, Lectionary Clipart, Hermanoleon
Clipart. |
| Clip Art Images:
John 13:31-35,
John 13:31-35 #2, Misioneros Del Sagrado Corazón en el Perú. |
|
John 13:1-15,
John 13:31-35 at
Cerezo Barredo's weekly gospel illustration.
Liberation emphasis. |
|
Clip Art, Julius Schnoor von Carolsfeld woodcuts, World Mission
Collection, Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. |
|
Foot
Washing Tip,
| | |
